Fiber Sensing Marks a Turning Point for Europe’s Leak Detection

UK trials in West London show how telecom fiber could reshape leak detection and influence utility practices across Europe

18 Aug 2025

Europe’s leak detection sector is nearing a possible turning point as trials in the UK show how existing telecoms fibre can be reused to monitor water and gas networks. While the projects are still limited in scale, they point to a model that could shape how utilities across the region invest in monitoring and maintenance.

The most advanced work is taking place in Hounslow, west London, where fibre optic cables originally laid for broadband are being tested as underground sensors. Leaks in pipes create vibrations in the surrounding soil. Fibre cables can pick up these signals along their length, helping operators identify likely leak locations without digging or installing new sensors.

The trials involve Openreach, the UK’s largest fixed-line network operator, alongside engineering group Arcadis and sensing company Lightsonic. Utilities including Thames Water, gas distributor Cadent and Affinity Water are also participating. By allowing access to parts of its fibre network, Openreach has enabled testing in dense urban areas, where traffic and construction activity often mask early signs of failure.

Data from the cables are analysed by software designed to separate routine background noise from patterns linked to leaks. Supporters of the technology say this improves the reliability of alerts and allows maintenance teams to respond more quickly.

Analysts see the approach as more than a technical refinement. Reusing fibre already in the ground changes the cost structure of leak detection, reducing upfront investment and shortening the time between failure and repair. For utilities, it offers a way to move towards more continuous monitoring without the disruption of installing new equipment.

The trials come as water companies face growing pressure to cut losses from ageing networks, while gas operators are under closer scrutiny over safety and emissions. Earlier detection can limit environmental damage, reduce repair costs and support more consistent reporting to regulators.

There are limits. Fibre routes do not always run alongside pipelines, and large volumes of data require careful management. Most specialists argue that fibre sensing works best alongside other monitoring tools, rather than as a standalone system.

Even so, interest is growing. If the UK trials continue to deliver results, they may provide a reference point for utilities elsewhere in Europe as they look for cheaper and less disruptive ways to oversee critical infrastructure.